International Migrants Day and the Islamic Perspective on Migration

On the 18th of December each year, the world commemorates International Migrants Day, recognising the challenges and contributions of migrants globally. Migration, as an act of seeking a better life, is deeply rooted in human history and has significant relevance in Islamic teachings. The Quran highlights the moral and spiritual dimensions of migration, emphasising personal responsibility and the pursuit of righteousness. This article explores these principles through the lens of Surah An-Nisa, Verse 97, providing practical reflections for various groups in society:

إِنَّ الَّذِيِنَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَاَئِكَةُ ظَالِمِيْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنْتُمْ قَالُوا كُنَّا مِسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَالُوا أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا فَأُوَلَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيْرًاً

“Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves – [the angels] will say, ‘In what [condition] were you?’ They will say, ‘We were oppressed in the land.’ [The angels] will say, ‘Was not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?’ For those, their refuge is Hell – and what an evil destination.” (Surah An-Nisa, 4:97)

This verse emphasises the responsibility of individuals to seek righteous conditions for themselves. It highlights that excuses for failing to fulfil one’s duties are not always acceptable, especially when Allah’s earth offers opportunities to migrate and escape oppressive circumstances. Below, we discuss the lessons from this verse for specific groups in society.

Educational Messages of this Ayah for Adolescents and Young Adults

1. Taking Responsibility for One’s Actions:

Young people must learn to be accountable for their actions and decisions. The Quranic verse underscores that excuses for inaction, such as claiming oppression, may not always justify neglecting one’s responsibilities. Similarly, youth must understand that their choices have consequences, and they cannot shift blame onto others.

2. Aspiring for Growth:

This verse inspires young people to rise above challenges and seek better opportunities, spiritually and morally. Migration is not just about physical relocation but also about striving for personal and intellectual growth when one’s environment becomes stifling.

3. Learning to Say No:

Adolescents and youth of immigrant families often face unique pressures in adapting to a new environment. They must develop the ability to say no to anything that conflicts with their faith, values, or cultural identity. This includes resisting peer pressure, rejecting behaviours or practices that compromise their Islamic principles, and standing firm in their convictions. Saying no is not an act of defiance but a demonstration of strength and clarity about one’s beliefs. By maintaining this resolve, young individuals can navigate their new surroundings without losing their sense of self or purpose.

Educational Messages of this Ayah for Parents

1. Ensuring a Righteous Environment:

Parents bear the responsibility of creating an environment where their family can fulfil their religious obligations and stay away from prohibitions. If the circumstances of their current city or country of residence prevent this, migration becomes a necessary step. The Iman and religious growth of children, who cannot make these decisions independently, depends on parental foresight.

2. Migration with a Divine Purpose:

When migrating, parents should aim for spiritual and moral improvement for themselves and their family. Migration should not be driven solely by worldly gains but also by the desire to draw closer to Allah SWT. This divine intention serves as a guide in choosing a destination that fosters faith and righteousness.

3. Avoiding Harmful Outcomes:

As the verse warns of dire consequences for neglecting one’s duty, parents must prioritise their family’s religious and moral wellbeing. Settling in a place that leads to spiritual decline is a choice fraught with peril, as emphasised by the phrase: “Their refuge is Hell – and what an evil destination.” (فَأُولَئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا)

Educational Messages of this Ayah for Religious Leaders and Imams

1. Guiding Communities on Upholding Faith:

Religious leaders have a duty to remind their congregations of the importance of adhering to Islamic obligations regardless of their location. For migrants, this includes resisting assimilation into morally corrupt practices while preserving their religious and cultural identity.

2. Promoting God-Consciousness in Decision-Making:

Islamic leaders should encourage their communities to make major life decisions, including migration, with the primary intention of pleasing Allah SWT. Decisions such as choosing where to live should reflect a commitment to faith and spiritual growth.

3. Advocating Adaptability without Compromising Principles:

Imams must teach their followers to adapt to new environments while maintaining their Islamic identity. Migration can present unique challenges, but it also provides opportunities for strengthening one’s connection with Allah SWT.

Last Word

The Quran’s teachings on migration, as illustrated in Surah An-Nisa (4:97), underscore the importance of striving for righteousness, fulfilling one’s religious obligations, and taking accountability for one’s circumstances. Whether for young individuals, parents, or religious leaders, the verse offers valuable guidance on navigating challenges and prioritising spiritual growth. On this International Migrants Day, let us reflect on these principles, recognising migration as not only a physical journey but also a moral and spiritual endeavour to seek Allah’s pleasure and avoid complacency in oppressive or un-Islamic environments.